FROM TEXT TO DIGITAL DOCUMENT: PHOTOGRAPHIC TRANSPOSITION OF MANUSCRIPT HISTORICAL DOCUMENTS TO ELETRONIC DIGITAL CORPORA

Abstract

ABSTRACT
This work describes steps of transferring historical handwritten documents of the legal type for formation of electronic linguistic corpora through scientifically controlled Photography, emphasizing the photography as a technical language, as it has been developed and practiced in the Laboratório de Pesquisa em Linguística de Corpus - (LAPELINC) (Research Laboratory of Corpus Linguistics) highlighting the process, the effect and its importance for Linguistic studies, for example the Semantic of Events. It is characterized as a descriptive research in which it is highlighted the route followed by the researcher considering the strategy called action-research (see THIOLLENT, 1985). It seeks to answer the question: How does the transposition of historical handwritten documents of the legal type for formation of electronic linguistic corpora can contribute to linguistics studies, in particular, to Semantics, for example the Semantics of Events? Therefore, mobilizing the photography assumptions, together with some principles of Corpus Linguistics, Semantics and Semantic of Events, it is demonstrated through a document corpus extracted from corpora DOViC Beta and DOViC century XIX, the importance of having digital documents for scientific research, aiming to prove four hypotheses: a) Making the transposition through photography, since involving a controlled scientific method, as the one developed and practiced in the LAPELINC (see Santos, 2008a; Santos, 2010a, 2010b; Namiuti, Santos and Leite, 2011; Santos, 2013a, 2013b; Namiuti-Temponi; Santos; Costa; Farias, 2013; Brito, Santos and Namiuti-Temponi, 2013) besides being one of the essential steps in the formation of electronic linguistic corpora, ensures reliability to the original texts; b) the transposition allows, along with the document record, the scientifically controlled visual record of its physical characteristics (cf. SANTOS; BRITO, 2014), making it scientifically reproducible and manipulated, in that it makes use of equipment and assistant technical apparatus specific to do that; the Cartesian Table and the photographic control parameters that allowed us to see and recover information that are independent of the human eye; c) the transposition while a passage of a physical document into a digital document enables a new form of access to the documents, the photographic look, that among some advantages allows the access to new document formats, such as files in Raw format and JPEG, and the electronic document viewing from tools such as magnification, contrast, brightness, color, as well as the use of masks, filters, layers, among others and d) The document originated from/in the digital/transposition allows the recovery, preservation and promotion of forms of enunciation linguistically materialized in the documents that could only be retrieved through a visual document, as it was done by Santos (2008) and during the process of constituting the Beta DOViC corpora and century XIX DOViC. Finally, it is demonstrated, through examples, some of the transposition contributions to the Linguistics, related to the object (books), the process (photography), the effect (RAW and JPEG) and, for example, to the Semantics of Events.